In erosion remedies, which measures are proposed to minimize risk?

• A. Building seawalls only.
• B. Dune restoration, seawalls, and updated zoning.
• C. Relocation of residents.
• D. No intervention.

Answer: (B)

Mitigating erosion risk requires a balanced strategy that combines physical protections, natural barriers, and smart land-use planning. Seawalls offer immediate protection against waves, but relying on them alone can fail as erosion progresses and shoreline dynamics shift. Dune restoration strengthens the natural barrier, absorbs wave energy, and helps stabilize sediments while supporting ecosystems, offering sustainable, long-term resilience. Updated zoning reduces future exposure by guiding development away from high-risk areas and allowing the shoreline to respond to changing conditions. Together, dune restoration, seawalls, and updated zoning address protection, ecological resilience, and prudent planning, making this integrated approach the most effective. Relocation is drastic and not typically the first-line remedy, and doing nothing leaves risk unaddressed.